A polychrome folded jar decorated with a cuadrillos-based geometric design made by Elias Pena of Mata Ortiz and Casas Grandes
Elias Pena, Mata Ortiz and Casas Grandes, A polychrome folded jar decorated with a cuadrillos-based geometric design
Elias Pena
Mata Ortiz and Casas Grandes
$ 900
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A polychrome folded jar decorated with a cuadrillos-based geometric design
5 in L by 5.5 in W by 4 in H
Condition: Excellent
Signature: Elias Pena
Date Created: 2024


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Every box is required. We will get back to you as soon as possible. Thank you!

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Elias Peña

Mata Ortiz &
Casas Grandes
Peacock and geometric design on a polychrome thin-walled peacock effigy jar

Born in August 1968, Lorenzo Elias Peña Pacheco grew up in Nuevo Casas Grandes before moving to Santa Rosa for 10 years. When he returned to the Mata Ortiz area he worked in his father's grocery store for a while. He also worked for the postal service in Nuevo Casas Grandes.

When he was first interested in making pottery, his main mentor and teacher was Andres Villalba. He got some pointers from Leonel Quezada, too. It was about 2000 when he first began offering his pottery for sale.

Elias began by painting standard Paquimé flowing geometric designs on standard pottery shapes but soon branched into painting combinations of animals, figures and geometrics on figures, effigies and deformed pots. His pottery also tends to have very thin walls, so thin that sanding them can be a problem. He works alone, doing everything from digging his own clay to making his pots to decorating and firing them. He says painting the designs is his favorite part of the process.

Elias has earned several First, Second and Third Place ribbons at the annual Concurso de Mata Ortiz. He also earned the Best of Show ribbon at the 2008 Concurso of Chihuahua State. Elias work has also been featured in an exhibit at the American Museum of Ceramic Art in Pomona, CA.

Elias is married to Maria del Carmen Tena. She makes miniature figures and has earned several ribbons at the Mata Ortiz Concurso, too.

Mata Ortiz and Casas Grandes

Paquime macaw pens
The macaw pens at Paquimé

Casas Grandes is both a municipality and an archaeological district in northern Chihuahua State, Mexico. The archaeological district includes the pre-historic ruins of Paquimé, a city that began to build around 1130 AD and was abandoned about 1450 AD. Archaeologists are uncertain as to whether Paquimé was settled by migrants from the Mogollon/Mimbres settlements to the north or by Anasazi elite from the Four Corners region in the United States or by others. Over the years Paquimé was built into a massive complex with structures up to six and seven stories high with multiple Great Houses in the surrounding countryside. Today, the site is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Mata Ortiz is a small settlement inside the bounds of the Casas Grandes municipality very near the site of Paquimé. The fortunes of the town have gone up and down over the years with a real economic slump happening after the local railroad repair yard was relocated to Nuevo Casas Grandes in the early 1960's. The town was in steady decline until Juan Quezada, a poor farmer who gathered firewood in the area of the archaeological site, was inspired by fragments of ancient Paquimé pottery and even older fragments of Mimbres forms with bold black-on-white designs littering the ground to learn more.

Paquime polychrome effigy pot
Ramos Polychrome effigy pot from Paquimé

Quezada was successful in his quest to learn to recreate the ancient process using slightly more modern techniques (although no one in the present tradition uses a potter's wheel). He learned to use sand and other coarse materials for temper. He discovered that dried cow dung made an excellent and inexpensive firing fuel. Instead of using gourds for smoothing he substituted broken hacksaw blades. Instead of using yucca fiber brushes for painting he learned to make brushes with human hair. He persevered in his efforts and by 1971 had produced a kind of polychrome pottery. Since then, most pottery-making in the area has used innovations in the design and decoration of the pots but the materials and the basic crafting of the process have remained the same.

By the mid-1970s, Quezada had attracted a significant number of traders and his work was becoming a commercial success. That is when he began teaching his techniques to his immediate family. They in turn taught other family members, friends and the younger generations. Both women and men were included from the beginning.

Originally called Casas Grandes pottery in the early years of its production, the potters of this tiny village have made such an impact on the pottery communities, including many awards and special recognition from the Presidents of Mexico, that Mata Ortiz pottery is now becoming known around the world.

Today, pottery production has changed the village in many ways as there is now electricity, plumbing, vehicles and more for the residents. Virtually everyone in the small town (2010 population: 1,182) makes their living by working in some part of the pottery-making process, from potters to clay-gatherers to firewood collectors to traders.

Mata Ortiz pottery incorporates elements of contemporary and prehistoric design and decoration, and each potter or pottery family produces their own distinctive, individualized ware. Young potters from surrounding areas have been attracted to the Mata Ortiz revival and new potting families have developed while the art movement continues to expand. Without the restraints of traditional religious practices or gender constraints, a vibrant flow of new ideas has enabled the pottery of Mata Ortiz to avoid the derivative repetition common to virtually all folk art movements. This blend of economic need, gender equality, cultural expression and artistic freedom has produced a unique artistic movement in today's community.

Mata Ortiz location map

Upper photo is in the public domain
Lower photo is courtesy of David Monniaux, Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported License